Transportation law encompasses the laws and regulations that govern the use of public and private modes of transportation. It includes the enforcement of safety, upkeep, and operational standards, as well as the payment of fees and fines related to violations. Some areas of study within transportation law include aviation, railroad, maritime, and motor vehicle law. Lawyers who specialize in this field must understand the full range of legal issues related to transportation, and understand the policies of federal and state agencies that regulate the industry. Additionally, attorneys who practice in this field must be experienced in negotiating contracts and settlements, as well as litigating cases in court.